The civilization of Axum and ancient Ethiopia

The civilization of Axum and ancient Ethiopia was one of the oldest and advanced African civilizations of ancient times which emerged beyond Egypt. The Axumite civilization was greatly influenced by foreigners outside Africa but that of the ancient Ethiopians was uniquely African in character. 

The kingdom of Axum was located east of Meroe in the highlands of Abbysinia(the former name of Ethiopia) near the Red Sea. The Axum kingdom occupied a land area stretching from the present day Eritrea to Northern Ethiopia.

It emerged in the 4th century BC as a result of the following factors;

1. The influx of immigrants from Yemen into Ethiopian highlands 

2. The extraordinary ability of the early Axumites Kings 

3. Trade links with the Mediterranean and other regions 

4. The geographical location of Axum 

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